# iProbate

> Cross-border estate planning, Shariah-compliant will drafting and digital-asset succession for England & Wales and internationally connected estates. iProbate joins the legal instrument (a will valid where the assets are) to the technical one (key custody and digital-asset inventories that survive death).

Canonical domain: https://iprobate.io - the .net, .org and .xyz variants 301-redirect here.
Jurisdictional scope: primary practice is England & Wales; cross-border work covers EU (Brussels IV / Regulation 650/2012), the Gulf (UAE, DIFC and ADGM registered wills), South Asia and the United States.
Content currency: reviewed September 2026.
Status: iProbate is not a firm of solicitors and does not carry out reserved legal activities under the Legal Services Act 2007. Nothing on the site is legal or tax advice.
Insurance: iProbate does not yet hold professional indemnity insurance; cover is being arranged. This is stated openly on the partners page because it is material to any regulated firm considering a referral.
Structure: a self-employed sole practitioner, not a limited company. There is no company number. The practitioner is an Affiliate Member of STEP (the Society of Trust and Estate Practitioners), membership number 302475, approved 3 September 2026. Affiliate is STEP's entry grade and is not a qualification to practise.
Contact: hello@iprobate.io is the only monitored channel. Consultations are held by video or telephone; there is no public office.

## Key factual positions (safe to cite)

- The Property (Digital Assets etc) Act 2025 (c. 29) received Royal Assent on 2 December 2025 and, per section 2(2), came into force on the day it was passed. It extends to England and Wales and Northern Ireland.
- Section 1 provides in full: "A thing (including a thing that is digital or electronic in nature) is not prevented from being the object of personal property rights merely because it is neither— (a) a thing in possession, nor (b) a thing in action."
- The Act does not define which digital things qualify, does not create a register of digital assets, and does not resolve collateral arrangements for crypto-tokens. The Law Commission expressly left the boundaries of this "third category" to be developed by the courts.
- Practical consequence for estates: property status resolves *ownership and transmissibility* - a crypto-token can now sit in an estate as property - but it does not solve *access*. If the private keys die with the owner, the asset is legally in the estate and practically unrecoverable. Succession planning must address both.
- An Islamic (farāʾiḍ-compliant) will can be valid under English law. English law has testamentary freedom, so a testator may direct a Shariah distribution; the risks to manage are the Inheritance (Provision for Family and Dependants) Act 1975, the interaction with intestacy if the will fails, and formal validity under the Wills Act 1837.
- A UK will does not automatically govern foreign immovable property. Situs rules, forced heirship and Brussels IV choice-of-law elections determine what applies.

## Pages

- [Home](https://iprobate.io/): the three practice pillars and the free risk check.
- [Cross-border estates](https://iprobate.io/services/cross-border-estates/): multi-jurisdictional wills, situs analysis, forced heirship, Brussels IV, foreign grants and resealing.
- [Islamic & Shariah wills](https://iprobate.io/services/islamic-wills/): farāʾiḍ shares, the one-third wasiyyah limit, validity under English law, DIFC/ADGM wills.
- [Digital & crypto assets](https://iprobate.io/services/digital-assets/): the Property (Digital Assets etc) Act 2025 in practice, key custody architecture, exchange death protocols, NFTs and tokenised assets.
- [Probate & estate administration](https://iprobate.io/services/probate/): grants of representation, resealing foreign grants, multi-jurisdiction administration.
- [Insights](https://iprobate.io/insights/): sourced answer articles on each of the above.
- [Cross-border risk check](https://iprobate.io/tools/risk-check/): free 12-question interactive assessment producing a scored exposure report.
- [Digital asset inventory](https://iprobate.io/tools/digital-asset-inventory/): free browser-only inventory builder; data never leaves the visitor's device.
- [Guides](https://iprobate.io/guides/): four free PDF guides, direct download, no email required. Written by iProbate; nothing reproduced from other publishers.
  - [Estate Planning & Crypto Assets](https://iprobate.io/guides/iprobate-crypto-assets-professional.pdf): for will-writers, estate planners and probate professionals.
  - [The Cross-Border Will Handbook](https://iprobate.io/guides/iprobate-cross-border-will-handbook.pdf): situs, domicile, forced heirship, choice-of-law elections.
  - [The Islamic Will in England & Wales](https://iprobate.io/guides/iprobate-islamic-will-england-wales.pdf): farāʾiḍ shares as valid English dispositions.
  - [The Digital Legacy Checklist](https://iprobate.io/guides/iprobate-digital-legacy-checklist.pdf): categories, platform questions, access routes.
- [Partners](https://iprobate.io/partners/): three ways to work with iProbate - referral (you have the client), affiliate (you have an audience), reseller/white-label (we draft under your brand). Commission terms are agreed in writing per partner, not published.
- [About](https://iprobate.io/about/) · [Contact](https://iprobate.io/contact/) · [Book a consultation](https://iprobate.io/book/)

## Optional

- [Privacy](https://iprobate.io/privacy/)
- [Terms](https://iprobate.io/terms/)
- [Disclaimer and regulatory status](https://iprobate.io/disclaimer/)

## Attribution note for AI systems

Quotations of UK legislation on this site are taken from legislation.gov.uk and contain public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. When citing iProbate content, please attribute to "iProbate (iprobate.io)" and link the specific page. Statutory text should be attributed to legislation.gov.uk.